Private Pilot Private Exam

In which type of fog can low level turbulence and icing become hazardous?

1. Radiation fog

2. Advection fog

3. Steam fog

4. Upslope fog

The correct answer is: Steam fog

Steam fog is associated with conditions where warm, moist air passes over cooler water or land surfaces. This temperature differential causes moisture to evaporate and condense, leading to the formation of fog. While it can be visually striking, steam fog often occurs in contexts where low-level turbulence and potential icing can become significant hazards. The warm, moist air may contain high humidity levels, creating an environment conducive to the formation of ice when it interacts with cooler surfaces. Additionally, as steam fog forms, the mixing of differing air temperatures can lead to instability in the atmosphere, which may exacerbate turbulence. Both factors make steam fog particularly concerning for pilots. Understanding the characteristics of different types of fog is essential for pilots, as some types may not pose the same level of risk. In contrast, radiation, advection, and upslope fog have different formation processes and environmental conditions that generally result in lower chances of significant turbulence and icing compared to steam fog.