Private Pilot Private Exam

The left turning tendency caused by P-factor is a result of which of the following?

1. The propeller blade descending on the left side

2. The propeller blade descending on the right side

3. The angle of attack of the left wing

4. The adverse yaw generated during turns

The correct answer is: The propeller blade descending on the right side

The left turning tendency caused by P-factor is primarily a result of the propeller blade descending on the left side. In a conventional aircraft with a clockwise rotating propeller, when the aircraft is in a climb, the angle of attack becomes greater on the descending blade than on the ascending blade. This increased angle of attack on the left descending blade creates more lift (and thrust) compared to the right ascending blade. Consequently, this differential thrust causes the aircraft to yaw to the left, resulting in a left turning tendency. Understanding this concept is crucial for pilots as it impacts how they manage directional control, especially during climbs, where the effect of P-factor is most pronounced. Recognizing the root cause of this aerodynamic phenomenon can help pilots anticipate and correct for deviations in flight path due to these inherent characteristics of propeller-driven aircraft.