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What is one essential capability required for an airplane operating under special VFR rules during nighttime?

  1. The pilot must communicate with ground control

  2. The aircraft must be equipped for IFR procedures

  3. The flight must always be in visual conditions

  4. The pilot must have a co-pilot

The correct answer is: The aircraft must be equipped for IFR procedures

An essential capability required for an airplane operating under special VFR (SVFR) rules during nighttime is having the aircraft equipped for IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) procedures. This requirement ensures that in the case of deteriorating visibility or unexpected weather conditions, the pilot is capable of safely navigating and operating the aircraft using instruments rather than relying solely on visual cues. Special VFR allows pilots to operate in controlled airspace with visibility less than the standard VFR requirements, but it is crucial that when flying at night, especially in such conditions, the aircraft is adequately equipped for instrument navigation. This equipping includes having the necessary instruments, navigational systems, and lighting that allow a pilot to fly safely when visual references are compromised. This capability is integral to maintaining safety and compliance with regulations during nighttime operations under SVFR.